Nozzle Information and Data
A good water distribution system is a critical component of any biofilter or packed column. If the packing is not completely and evenly wetted, loss of performance is inevitable. In a biofilter, an evenly distributed and consistent supply of nutrients and oxygen to the microbes is essential for optimum performance. In packed towers, an even distribution of both liquid and gas throughout the column is required to achieve maximum mass transfer rates.
Some systems depend on the packing itself to distribute the water evenly. This type of system often leaves much of the packing dry or intermittently wetted and virtually useless. Ideally, the water distribution system will provide a perfectly even distribution from the beginning so that all of the media is fully wetted and available for microbial growth or mass transfer.
There are two recommended types of water distribution systems for biofilters and packed columns. The first employs pipes and nozzles in a pressurized spray system. Since this type of system is commonly used in counterflow towers, these nozzles are designated as CF nozzles. The second system uses a distribution pan with gravity flow target nozzles. We designate these nozzles as XF nozzles. Distribution pans with numerous small holes drilled in the bottom are often called grid or drip pans. Drip type distribution systems are not recommended since they do not distribute the water evenly enough to insure complete wetting of the media. Some distribution systems are built using pipes with holes or slots cut into them. These are not recommended either. If you don't use one of the nozzles shown here, at least go to one of the reputable nozzle manufacturers and get a nozzle that has a solid cone spray pattern that provides an even water distribution.
CF Type Nozzles
CF-CES2
This is an innovative nozzle design that provides a solid
cone, square spray pattern. It has a
very open, clog free design. The water
distribution pattern is excellent. This nozzle is designed to have the spray
pattern of adjacent nozzles meet at their edges where the spray hits the
fill. This nozzle must be positioned
correctly to insure an even distribution.
Please consult with us for the correct application of this nozzle. The connection for this nozzle is a 2"
male NPT thread. It can be used with a
standard female adaptor or the bolt-on adaptor shown with the nozzle. The adaptor is available for 4",
6", 8” and 10" pipes. Orifice
sizes - 0.75", 0.875”, 1.0", 1.125”, 1.25", 1.375”, 1.5"
Nozzle Price - $16.00 USD
each (freight included for US or
Adaptor Price -
$3.50 USD each (freight included for US or
Flow
vs. Pressure Chart for CF-CES2
CF-CES1.5
This is an inexpensive nozzle design that provides
an irregular, round spray pattern. The
pattern is not completely solid. It
works best when the patterns from adjacent nozzles overlap to provide an even coverage.
It has a single internal orifice so it is resistant to fouling. The connection is a 1.5" male NPT
thread. It is available with 5 different
orifice inserts for a range of flow rates.
Orifice sizes - .75", .875", 1.0", 1.125",
1.25".
Nozzle Price - $5.50 USD each
(freight included for US or
Flow
vs. Pressure Chart for CF-CES1.5
CF-LHD2
This nozzle design provides a hollow cone, square
spray pattern. Most of the water is
thrown to the edge of the pattern. It is
a very simple design with no internal parts to clog. There are two different thread types. The picture on the right shows a 1.5"
male NPT thread. The picture on the left shows a 1.5" male, self taping,
tapered thread. It is designed to be
screwed directly into a 1.875" hole drilled into a PVC pipe. Orifice sizes - .75", .875",
1.0", 1.0625", 1.125", 1.25", 1.5"
Nozzle Price - $4.50 USD each
(freight included for US or
Flow
vs. Pressure Chart for CF-LHD2
XF-Crown
This nozzle provides an irregular, round spray
pattern similar to the CF-CES1.5. The
overall pattern is good to excellent provided there is sufficient overlap from
adjacent nozzles. Typical spacing
between nozzles should be 6 to 12 in. on center. This nozzle fits in a 1.75" hole
drilled in the distribution pan. Water
depth in the distribution pan should be 2 in. or more. It is available with 6 orifice inserts for a
wide range of flow rates. The vortex
breaker on the top of the nozzle insures a consistent flow rate over a wide
range of conditions. Orifice sizes - .5",
.625", .75", .875", 1.0", 1.125", 1.25”, 1.375”
Nozzle Price - $4.20 USD each
(freight included for US or
Flow
vs. Pressure Chart for XF-Crown
XF-LH11
This
nozzle provides a hollow cone, round spray pattern. The pattern is poor
but this nozzle is very resistant to clogging. Minimum water depth in the
distribution pan should be 4 in. This nozzle is primarily recommended
when one needs a high specific water loading (>30 gpm/ft2) and there are
"chunks" of stuff in the water. This nozzle fits in a
1.75" hole drilled in the pan. It is available with the following
orifice sizes: .75", .875", 1.0",
1.0625", 1.125", 1.25", 1.5"
Nozzle Price - $3.60 USD each
(freight included for US or
Flow
vs. Pressure Chart for XF-LH11
Terms of Sale - Cash in advance Minimum Order Size - $50.00 US dollars
Prices are effective March 1, 2013. Prices are subject to change without notice.
Discounts are available for quantities greater than 100 pieces of any one type.
Rev. 8/15/2013